On asymptotic non-normality of null distributions of mrpp statistics

Severe departures from normality occur frequently for null distributions of statistics associated with applications of mulLi-response permutation procedures (MRPP) for either small or large finite populations. This paper describes the commonly encountered situation associated with asymptotic non-normality for null distributions of MRPP statistics which does not depend on the underlying multivariate distribution. In addition, this paper establishes the existence of a non-degenerate underlying distribution for which the null distributions of MRPP statistics are asymptotically non-normal for essentially all size structure configurations. It is known that MRPP statistics are symmetric versions of a broader class of statistics, most of which are asymmetric. Because of the non-normality associated with null distributions of MRPP statistics, this paper includes necessary results for inferences based on the exact first three moments of anv statistic in this broader class (analogous to existing results for MRPP statistics).     

Rank-based analysis of repeated measures block designs

A rank-based inference is developed for repeated measures balanced incomplete block and randomized complete block designs using a suitable dispersion function. Asymptotic distributions of rank estimators are developed after establishing approximate linearity of the gradient vector of the dispersion function. Unlike available nonparametric procedures for those designs, estimation and testing are tied together. Three different test statistics are developed for testing the linear hypotheses. Friedman's (1937) statistic and Durbin's (1951) statistic are particular cases of one of the three proposed statistics. An estimate of a scale parameter which appears in the ARE expression as well as as in the variences and covariances of the rank estimators is discussed.     

Intensity and persistence of individuals' social exclusion in Australia

We construct a measure of social exclusion that recognises its multidimensionality at the individual level, including its potential variability in intensity at a point in time and in persistence over time. We distinguish seven dimensions or domains of social exclusion: material resources; employment; education and skills; health and disability; social; community; and personal safety. For each of these seven domains, several indicators of social exclusion are produced. Our exclusion measure identifies 20 to 30 per cent of the Australian population aged 15 years and over as experiencing ‘marginal’ or worse levels of exclusion at any given point in time. However, there is considerable variation in both the extent and persistence of exclusion among the excluded. We further find that, although there are commonalities in the demographic composition of the socially excluded and the income poor, there are also some important differences. For example, persons 65 years and over represent a much smaller share of the most ‘excluded’ group than they do of the ‘poorest‘; and – adopting a household‐level measure of exclusion – children represent a larger share of the excluded than they do of the poor.     

中国与苏丹石油合作面临的挑战及对策

苏丹石油资源丰富,为了开发本国的石油资源,苏丹政府出台了一系列鼓励投资的优惠政策,为中苏石油合作提供了机会。经过10多年的不懈努力,中国已在苏丹逐步形成集生产、精炼、运输、销售于一体的完整的石油工业产业链,中国与苏丹在石油领域的合作堪称中国在非洲实施＂走出去＂战略的成功典范。同时,中苏石油合作也面临着诸多挑战,为了进一步加强中苏之间的石油合作,建议进一步深化双方在政治领域的合作,扩大经济贸易规模,加强与当地石油企业、欧美石油公司的合作。     

公共政策失灵及其矫正对策

公共政策作为服务和增进公共利益的产品,其本质是社会利益的集中反映。当前,我国公共政策存在失灵现象。矫正公共政策失灵可从如下方面着手：优化政策决策机制;构建信息沟通机制;创新政策执行机制;完善利益均衡机制;加强执行监督机制。     

贡貂制度与清代东北治策

“贡貂制度”是清代东北治策中的重要组成部分 ,它不仅对清朝政权的稳固及东北边疆的安全产生了非常重要的作用 ,而且对东北的历史进程与走向亦有重大而深远的影响。在此基础上 ,文章从正反两方面探讨了“贡貂制度”的利弊得失及其深层原因。     

我国商会预防和应对对华反倾销诉讼的策略及措施

近年来,在国外我国产品被控反倾销的次数不断增多,而相比之下,胜诉案件的比例却没有同等增长,这对我国的出口贸易秩序和出口贸易发展造成极为不利的影响.商会应利用其自身优势,确定应对对华反倾销诉讼的策略,并采取相应的具体措施,积极参与对华反倾销诉讼活动的各个环节,进而改变预防和应对对华反倾销的各种被动局面.     

Comparison of performance measures for multivariate discrete models

For multivariate probit models, Spiess and Tutz suggest three alternative performance measures, which are all based on the decomposition of the variation. The multivariate probit model can be seen as a special case of the discrete copula model. This paper proposes some new measures based on the value of the likelihood function and the prediction-realization table. In addition, it generalizes the measures from Spiess and Tutz for the discrete copula model. Results of a simulation study designed to compare the different measures in various situations are presented.     

当前我国社会保障存在的问题及其改革措施

自《中华人民共和国劳动保险条例》颁布始 ,中国社会保障制度已走过 50年发展历程 ,社会保障制度从雏形到逐步成熟和规范。当前我国社会保障实践在成绩中隐含着许多矛盾和问题 ,因此 ,应尽快建立起独立于企业事业单位之外、资金来源多元化、保障制度规范化、管理服务社会化的社会保障体系已是迫在眉睫     

依托渝怀铁路实施以路兴区发展战略

结合渝怀线的现有资源和经济状况，采用定性和定量相结合的方法分析了渝怀经济带在西部大开发中的地位、作用及近远期发展战略和思路。